高三英語復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)：全面回顧被動語態(tài)的應(yīng)用

時間：2023-05-04 23:56:47 中學(xué)英語我要投稿

　一、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式

高三英語復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)：全面回顧被動語態(tài)的應(yīng)用

　　1. 被動語態(tài)的基本時態(tài)變化

　　被動語態(tài)通常為十種時態(tài)的被動形式, 被動語態(tài)由be＋過去分詞構(gòu)成，be隨時態(tài)的變化而變化。以do為例，各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式為：

　　1) am/is/are +done (過去分詞) 一般現(xiàn)在時

　　例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2） has /have been done 現(xiàn)在完成時

　　例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.

　　3） am/is /are being done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時

　　例A new cinema is bei

ng built here．

　　4） was/were done 一般過去時

　　例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.

　　5） had been done 過去完成時

　　例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.

　　6） was/were being done 過去進(jìn)行時

　　例A meeting was being held when I was there.

　　7） shall/will be done 一般將來時

　　例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.

　　8） should/would be done 過去將來時

　　例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.

　　9） shall/will have been done 將來完成時（少用）

　　例The project will have been completed before July.

　　10） should/would have been done 過去將來完成時（少用）

　　例He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.

　　2. 被動語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式

　　1)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。其形式為：情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞。

　　例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.

　　2) 有些動詞可以有兩個賓語，在用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，可以把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語。

　　例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改為 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.

　　3) 當(dāng)“動詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，其余不動。

　　例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改為The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.

　　4）在使役動詞have, make, get以及感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時，在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，要加to。

　　例Someone saw a strange

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