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2024年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國甲卷）
英語學科
第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié), 滿分30分）
第一節(jié)（共5小題; 每小題1. 5分, 滿分7. 5分）
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題, 從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后, 你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. Where are the speakers going?
A. A new restaurant. B. A convenience store. C. Their office.
2. When is the class presentation according to Vicky?
A. On Thursday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Tuesday.
3. Why does the woman make the call?
A. To check the price. B. To make an apology. C. To cancel her order.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Boss and employee. C. Salesperson and customer.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Their move to a new place. B. Toms friends at school. C. A sports center.
第二節(jié)（共15小題; 每小題1. 5分, 滿分22. 5分）
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題, 從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前, 你將有時間閱讀各個小題, 每小題5秒鐘; 聽完后, 各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6 段材料, 回答第6、7題。
6. What does the girl tell her dad?
A. She decides to quit college.
B. She worries about her academic ability.
C. She is unpopular with her classmates.
7. How does the father help his daughter?
A. By telling a funny joke. B. By sharing his own story. C. By planning a school tour.
聽第7段材料, 回答第8 至 10題。
8. Who is the man?
A. A researcher. B. A bird watcher. C. A radio host.
9. When do birds sing quieter?
A. On weekend mornings. B. During rush hours. C. In early evenings.
10. What is Dr. Zollinger going to do next?
A. Summarize her studies. B. Play some recordings. C. Answer more questions.
聽第8段材料, 回答第11至13題。
11. Where was Jena born?
A. In Canada. B. In Japan. C. In Australia.
12. How old was Mike when he left Glasgow?
A. Five. B. Six. C. Ten.
13. What do we know about Mikes parents?
A. They enjoy living abroad.
B. They first met at the age of 20.
C. They will start their own company.
聽第9段材料, 回答第14至16題。
14. What is the first question to Mr. Green about?
A. His adventure in space. B. His physical condition. C. His doctors advice.
15. How does Mr. Green feel about traveling to Mars?
A. Its unlikely to happen.
B. Its physically demanding.
C. Its a chance not to be missed.
16. Which is Mr. Greens favorite movie?
A. Apollo 13. B. Blue Earth. C. Space Station.
聽第10段材料, 回答第17至20題。
17. What is the speaker doing?
A. Giving a report.
B. Introducing a musical play.
C. Making an announcement.
18. What are the students expected to do?
A. Carry school flags. B. Wear fun clothes. C. Design fancy masks.
19. Where can the parents stand and watch?
A. On the sidewalk. B. On the playground. C. In front of the office.
20. What should the students do if they dont take part?
A. Let their teacher know. B. Stay in the lecture hall. C. Do some reading.
參考答案
1-5ACBCA 6-10 BBCAB
11-15 ABABC 16-20ACBCA
聽力原文
(Text 1)
W: Look, we have time for hamburgar at this former restaurant.
W: Forget that. I know a new restaurant on Maple Street not far from our company. Is that okay with you？
M: Perfect.
(Text 2)
M: Hi，Vicky. I remember our class presentation is on Wednesday，but you said its on Thursday. Are you sure？
W: Sorry. It was a slip of the tongue. I meant Tuesday for sure.
(Text 3)
M: Allens furniture. Can I help you？
W: Hi. Im the one who asked about the price of a glass tea table top. Just now Im sorry，I made a mistake. The size should be 75 centimeters by 50 centimeters.
M: Oh. Thatll make a difference in the price. Hold on and let me find out.
(Text 4)
W: These are our new arrivals. Every man should own at least one woollen sweater. Dont you think？
M: I agree. Any suggestions？
W: The one with two pockets sells best this year？Lightweight and stylish. Would you like to try it on？
(Text 5)
W: How do you like your school,Tom？
M: Oh, I like it a lot and I also like the area. The nearby recreation center is cool. Thank you，mom.
W: What really leaves you happy with your new home？
(Text 6)
W: I dont know if I want to go to college，I dont think Ill do very well there，
M: Why not？
W: Because Im not smart.
M: Ye, It can be scary.
W: Did you ever come close to dropping out, Dad？
M: No. But I worried a lot before I went，I thought college would be full of brains. Once I got there，I found out that most of the kids were just like me.
(Text 7)
M: Hello，listeners. People around the world are reporting that birds are much louder these days. Now Ive connected with doctor salinger and lets hear what she will say.
W: We feel that theyre singing louder because they sing in typically noisy places. But when the noise is gone，they sing quieter than they normally do.
M: In other words，birds are like us in a noisy bar，for example，people will raise their voices.
W: Exactly. We know that birds sing quieter on the weekend mornings.
(Text 8)
M: Hi. I dont think weve met before. Im Mike.
W: Hi，Mike. My name is Gina. Nice to meet you.
M: Nice to meet you，Gina. Where do you come from？
W: Originally Im from Canada，but we moved to australia when I was about 5 years old now. My parents live in Tokyo. How about you, Mike？
M: I was born in Glasgow and we lived there until I was six. Then since my father worked for an international trade company，we moved all over the place.
W: Yeah. Where are some of the places youve lived？
M: Most of the time we lived abroad？We spent a total of 10 years in Japan，Germany and Korea. We came back to the UK only 2 years ago，but I think my parents would prefer to stay overseas for another 20 years.
W: Wow. It sounds like youve had an interesting life.
(Text 9)
W: Good morning. Welcome the space hero, Mr Green to my studio.
M: Hello. Maria. Hello，my dear friends.
W: Well. Lets start from the first question I collected from the audience. Did you have any moments of dizziness since he landed back on the earth.
M: The first 3 days back were pretty tough. Your body system is all messed up. So you feel dizzy. Its quite normal，though.
W: Thanks. Another question. Would you go for the first manned Mars travel, If you have the chance？
M: Absolutely. A trip to Mars is hugely exciting. Im always ready for it.
W: I know you can watch movies on the space station. Whats your favorite space movie？Some people asked.
M: Apollo 13 is probably my top one. My sons love blue earth. It was brilliant watching the new movie on board the space station.
(Text 10)
W : Our next dress up day will be on friday，October 28th， and it is our annual dress up day. On this day，students may dress up in fun clothes and there will be a march around the school. Students are reminded not to carry sharp things such as knives and swords. Please make sure that you can see and breathe easily if you wear masks. Parents are invited to watch the event but are asked to stand either in front of the office near the flagpole or in the grassy courtyard，the students will be marching around on the sidewalks. So we do need to keep all sidewalks clear. Parents and friends may also join in the march if they are dressed in appropriate clothes. But if youre just watching，wed like to ask you to stay in one spot to reduce traffic jams. Students who do not wish to take part in the event for religious or other reasons should inform their teacher and they will be allowed to stay in the office until after the event.
第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié), 滿分50分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題; 每小題2. 5分, 滿分37. 5分）
閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard communitys artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages.
Light Awash in Watercolor
Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light.
Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity
From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (無脊椎動物) create some of natures most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工藝) materials.
Wheel Throwing
Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potters wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!
Knitting and Pom-Pom Making
Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (編織).
1. What do we know about ARTS FIRST?
A. It is an exhibition of oil paintings. B. It offers art courses for all ages.
C. It presents recreational activities. D. It is a major tourist attraction.
2. Which program will you join if youre interested in drawing pictures?
A. Light Awash in Watercolor. B. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.
C. Wheel Throwing. D. Knitting and Pom-Pom Making.
3. What can you do together with Javier Marin?
A. Practice a traditional dance. B. Make handcrafts.
C Visit a local museum. D. Feed invertebrates.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了ARTS FIRST藝術(shù)節(jié)的相關(guān)藝術(shù)展覽和藝術(shù)制作活動，并且邀請熱愛的學生或社區(qū)成員加入。
【1題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities.(我們期待著您的到來，我們將通過表演、藝術(shù)展覽和藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作活動來展示哈佛藝術(shù)界的創(chuàng)造力。)”以及下文的四個小標題“Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”；“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity(沒有骨氣的藝術(shù)家:無脊椎的創(chuàng)造力)”；“Wheel Throwing (投擲輪子)”和“Knitting and Pom-Pom Making (編織和制作毛絨球)”可推知，ARTS FIRST是提供娛樂活動的。故選C項。
【2題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880 — 1990: Into the Light. (與哈佛藝術(shù)博物館材料實驗室的專家一起了解水彩顏料的材料和質(zhì)量。在即將到來的“1880 — 1990年美國水彩畫：進入光”展覽中，嘗試一下藝術(shù)家們使用的一些繪畫技巧。)”可知，如果對畫畫感興趣，可以參加Light Awash in Watercolor。故選A項。
【3題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity (無脊椎藝術(shù)家：無脊椎動物的創(chuàng)造力)”部分中的“Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of History to learn how insects and other Natural invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft materials. (和哈佛歷史博物館的Javier Marin一起學習昆蟲和其他自然無脊椎動物是如何跳舞、啟發(fā)時尚和創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)的。同時用手工材料制作你自己的無脊椎藝術(shù)家。)”可知，參與者能跟Javier Marin一起進行手工制作。故選B項。
B
Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (聲音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills. They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and youre able to interpret it. If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food. However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mothers attention and be fed.
Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax. However, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future. Thats why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they dont usually like.
Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch. Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit thats been present in all kinds of predators (食肉動物). Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that its been in their nature since the beginning of time. So just go along with it!
4. What can be learned about cats meowing from the first paragraph?
A. Its a survival skill. B. Its taught by mother cats.
C. Its hard to interpret. D. Its getting louder with age.
5. How does a pet cat assess different situations?
A. By listening for sounds. B. By touching familiar objects.
C. By checking on smells. D. By communicating with other cats.
6. Which best explains the phrase "take. . . up notch" in paragraph 3?
A. Perform appropriately. B. Move faster. C. Act strangely. D. Do better.
7. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Tips on Finding a Smart Cat B. Understanding Your Cats Behavior
C. Have Fun with Your Cat D. How to Keep Your Cat Healthy
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了貓通過叫聲、嗅覺和帶回禮物來表達需求、評估環(huán)境和展示愛意。
【4題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (聲音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. (動物可以用很多方式來表達他們的需求。例如，幾乎所有的動物都有獨特的聲音，它們依靠這些聲音來尋求幫助，嚇跑危險的動物或?qū)ふ冶幼o。)”和“Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed. (貓寶寶一出生就開始喵喵叫，喵喵叫是為了引起媽媽的注意和被喂食。)”可知，貓叫聲是一種生存技能。故選A。
【5題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. (貓有許多敏銳的感官，但它們的嗅覺令人印象深刻。它們用鼻子來評估周圍的環(huán)境，尋找任何危險的跡象。)”可知，寵物貓通過檢查氣味來評估不同情況。故選C。
【6題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段劃線詞前半句“Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, (狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取習慣而聞名)”和后句“Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. (許多貓會在外面隨意找到一些東西，并把它們帶給主人。)”可知，狗以取回東西而聞名，但貓可以從外邊找到東西帶回來，因此在這一行為上更上一層樓。短語take ... up a notch是用來形容貓在帶回東西這一行為上做得更好或更出色。故選D。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.( 動物可以用很多方式來表達他們的需求。)”及全文可知，文章都在介紹和解釋貓的各種行為方式，包括叫聲、嗅覺和帶回禮物的習慣，以及這些行為背后的原因和意義。所以“Understanding Your Cat’s Behavior(了解你的貓的行為)”作為文章標題最為合適。故選B。
C
The Saint Lukas train doesn’t accept passengers — it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (鄉(xiāng)村) populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions.
“People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions (區(qū)域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia.
Russia’s public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.
The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (補給). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits.
Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ”
8. How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains?
A. It runs across countries. B. It reserves seats for the seniors.
C. It functions as a hospital. D. It travels along a river.
9. What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk?
A. It is heavily populated. B. It offers training for doctors.
C. It is a modern city. D. It needs medical aid.
10. How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply?
A. About a year. B. About ten months.
C. About two months. D. About two weeks.
11. What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services?
A. Appreciative. B. Doubtful C. Ambiguous. D. Cautious.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述政府贊助了五輛名為圣盧卡斯的醫(yī)療列車為俄羅斯中部和東部偏遠地區(qū)每年提供為期10個月的巡回醫(yī)療服務，為鄉(xiāng)村居民提供基本醫(yī)療檢查和治療，改善當?shù)蒯t(yī)療條件。
【8題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章第一段“The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(鄉(xiāng)村)populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. (圣盧卡斯號是五列政府資助的醫(yī)療列車之一，前往俄羅斯中部和東部的偏遠城鎮(zhèn)。每一站平均停留兩天，在此期間，船上的醫(yī)生和護士為農(nóng)村人口提供基本醫(yī)療服務、X光掃描和處方。)”可知，圣盧卡斯號與其他火車的不同之處在于它是政府資助的醫(yī)療火車，充當醫(yī)院。故選C。
【9題詳解】
推理判斷題，第三段提到“Russia’s public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctors appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. (俄羅斯的公共衛(wèi)生保健服務迫切需要現(xiàn)代化。政府一直在努力提出解決這一問題的措施，特別是在伏爾加河以東較貧窮的農(nóng)村地區(qū)，包括通過視頻聊天安排醫(yī)生預約，擴大財政援助計劃，激勵醫(yī)生到克拉斯諾亞爾斯克等偏遠地區(qū)行醫(yī)。) ”可以推斷，Krasnoyarsk需要醫(yī)療援助，故選D。
【10題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第四段“For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (補給). ”(每年有10個月，火車兩周內(nèi)�？看蠹s八個車站，然后返回地區(qū)首府進行補給和重新裝貨。) ”可知，圣盧卡斯號一份補給可以工作大約兩周，故選D。
【11題詳解】
推斷判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的““I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned, ” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ”(“醫(yī)生和他們的助手在這么小的空間里工作和生活，但仍然保持專注和非常關(guān)注，這給我留下了深刻的印象，”Ducke說。這是許多農(nóng)村人獲得他們想要的治療的最好機會。”)”可知，Ducke對Saint Lukas的服務持贊賞的態(tài)度，故選A。
【點睛】
D
“I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them.
This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery (懸疑小說). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier.
But writing the end — that’s hard. It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending thats unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters.
That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.
This issue won’t tell you what your ending should be — that’s up to you and the story you’re telling — but it might provide what you need to get there.
12. Why did the author go to Prof. Gracie?
A. To discuss a novel. B. To submit a book report.
C. To argue for a writer. D. To ask for a reading list.
13. What did the author realize after seeing Gracie?
A. Writing is a matter of personal preferences.
B. Readers are often carried away by character.
C. Each type of literature has its unique end.
D. A story which begins well will end well.
14. What is expected of a good ending?
A. It satisfies readers’ taste. B. It fits with the story development.
C. It is usually positive. D. It is open for imagination.
15. Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims?
A. To give examples of great novelists. B. To stress the theme of this issue.
C. To encourage writing for the magazine. D. To recommend their new books.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章首先通過作者與教授關(guān)于小說結(jié)局的討論引發(fā)了對結(jié)局的思考，接著闡述了不同類型的文學作品結(jié)局的特點，最后提出了寫作好的結(jié)局的重要性并介紹了《Writer’s Digest》雜志如何幫助作家寫出更好的結(jié)尾。
【12題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段““I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.( “我不喜歡這個結(jié)局，”我對我最喜歡的大學教授說。那是我大三的時候，我正在做一項關(guān)于維多利亞文學的獨立研究。我剛剛讀完喬治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，讀到結(jié)尾我很傷心。格雷西教授耐心地讓我考慮一下，不要只看我喜不喜歡)”可知，作者去找格雷西教授是為了討論小說。故選A項。
【13題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery (懸疑小說). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier.( 這對我來說是一個頓悟的時刻，我再也沒有想過同樣的結(jié)局。從那時起，如果我想讀一個保證幸福的結(jié)局，我就會選一部愛情小說。如果我想要一個我猜不到的結(jié)局，我會選一本神秘小說。一種是我知道會發(fā)生什么，歷史小說。選擇讀什么變得更容易了)”可知，見過格雷西教授后，作者意識到了每種類型的文學都有其獨特的結(jié)局。故選C項。
14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“But writing the end—that’s hard. It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters.(但是寫出結(jié)局——那很難。對作家來說很難，因為結(jié)局對讀者來說意義重大。你必須平衡創(chuàng)造一個不可預測的結(jié)局，但這個結(jié)局又不能顯得憑空而來，要適合角色的設(shè)定)”可知，人們對一個好結(jié)局的期望是結(jié)局又不能顯得憑空而來，要適合角色的設(shè)定，也就是符合故事的發(fā)展。故選B項。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.( 這就是為什么這期《Writer’s Digest》旨在幫助你找出如何為你正在寫的任何類型的作品寫出最好的結(jié)局。如果是短篇小說，彼得·蒙特福德分解了六種技巧，你可以嘗試看看哪一種能幫助你完美著陸。伊麗莎白·西姆斯分析了五部偉大小說的最后幾章，看看它們包含了哪些關(guān)鍵點，以及你如何將它們應用到你的作品中)”可知，作者提到彼得·蒙福德和伊麗莎白·西姆斯是為了強調(diào)這期《Writer’s Digest》的主題，即幫助讀者寫出更好的結(jié)尾。故選B項。
【點睛】
第二節(jié)（共5小題; 每小題2分, 滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
What is moderation (適度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesnt mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. Its important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. Its more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____
Control emotional (情緒的) eating. ____19____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陳代謝), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when youre most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A. Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We dont always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Dont swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That wont lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了，在飲食上注意節(jié)制及其如何節(jié)制的方法。
【16題詳解】
上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs, You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味著只吃你身體需要的食物，你應該在用餐結(jié)束時感到滿足，但不要太飽)”指出，進餐時不要吃太飽，吃東西要適量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但這并不意味著要告別你喜歡的食物)”指出，適量進食不是要放棄吃自己喜歡的食物。F項“對我們許多人來說，節(jié)制意味著比現(xiàn)在吃的少。”解釋了何為適量進食。承上啟下，符合文意，選項中的“means”與下文一致。故選F項。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢來。放慢腳步，把食物看作是有營養(yǎng)東西，而不僅僅是會議間隙吃的.東西，這一點很重要)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者吃東西要細嚼慢咽，不要過于急躁。C項“不要在上班的路上急忙吃下一頓飯。”承接上文。符合文意。故選C項。
【18題詳解】
上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已經(jīng)準備好了不健康的零食，比如餅干，那么適量食用就更具挑戰(zhàn)性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于適度飲食，E項“相反，你應該選擇健康的食物�！狈衔囊�，建議讀者選擇健康的食物。選項中的“healthy”與上文中的“unhealthy”相對應。故選E項。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)本段首句“Control emotional (情緒的) eating. (控制情緒化進食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我們中的許多人也會求助于食物來處理不愉快的情緒，如悲傷、孤獨或無聊)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者不要情緒化的進行暴飲暴食，要進行健康飲食。B項“我們吃東西并不總是為了充饑�！敝赋鲇行┤顺詵|西并不總是為了充饑，引出下文有些人通過食物發(fā)泄情緒，符合語境。故選B項。
【20題詳解】
設(shè)空處位于段首，總結(jié)全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陳代謝), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day, Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以啟動你的新陳代謝，而吃少量健康的食物可以讓你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜進食。盡量早點吃晚飯，禁食14 — 16個小時，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我們在一天中的每個時間段都要健康飲食。A項“全天合理飲食�！狈险Z境。故選A項。
第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié), 滿分45分）
第一節(jié)（共20小題; 每小題1. 5分, 滿分30分）
閱讀下面短文, 從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中, 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
One day, we had a family dinner. While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the ____21____ to help my grandmother wash dishes. ____22____ my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood.
Born just before WWII, my grandmother ____23____ an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to ____24____. Like in typical families, where boys were ____25____ much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do ____26____. The only opportunity (機會) she could seize to ____27____ was when her brother was having Chinese ____28____ with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening ____29____. This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down — a skill that has turned out to be quite ____30____, especially whenever we share the newspaper. On most weekends, my grandmother, a young girl then, and her brother would go to the ____31____. There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their ____32____ while they watched all action going on around them. This is something I ____33____ — her ability to open her ____34____ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed.
My childhood is quite ____35____ compared with hers. I am ____36____ that I did not need to ____37____ the hardships like she did. Ive never faced the problem of ____38____. I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to ____39____ to: her stories always make my history textbooks ____40____.
21. A. sitting room B. kitchen C. yard D. dining hall
22. A. As always B. By the way C. For example D. Here and now
23. A. adjusted B. promoted C. achieved D. experienced
24. A. work B. school C. court D. press
25. A. favored B. tolerated C. trusted D. acknowledged
26. A. gardening B. homework C. business D. housework
27. A. exercise B. study C. explore D. teach
28. A. food B. guests C. lessons D. tea
29. A. closely B. directly C. nervously D. freely
30. A. professional B. awkward C. simple D. practical
31. A. market B. mountain C. beach D. class
32. A. secret B. breath C. view D. tongue
33. A. admire B. notice C. adopt D. value
34. A. hands B. mouth C. eyes D. arms
35. A. difficult B. complex C. happy D. similar
36. A. grateful B. surprised C. convinced D. regretful
37. A. reflect upon B. go through C. ask about D. prepare for
38. A. unemployment B. health C. education D. communication
39. A. attend B. refer C. lead D. talk
40. A. come true B. come round C. come out D. come alive
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者祖母的童年故事，以及作者從故事中得到的感悟。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當大人們在外面忙于嚴肅的談話時，我一個人留在廚房里幫奶奶洗碗。A. sitting room客廳；B. kitchen廚房；C. yard院子；D. dining hall餐廳。根據(jù)下文“to help my grandmother wash dishes”可推知，此處指作者在廚房洗碗。故選B。
【22題詳解】
考查副詞短語辨析。句意：一如既往地，我的祖母會給我講她童年的故事。As always一如既往；B. By the way順便說一句；C. For example例如；D. Here and now此時此地。根據(jù)語境，結(jié)合下文“my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood”可推知，此處指作者的祖母經(jīng)常給作者講童年故事，這次一如既往的給作者講她童年的故事。故選A。
【23題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的祖母出生在二戰(zhàn)前夕，她的童年生活方式與我的完全不同。A. adjusted調(diào)整；B. promoted促進；C. achieved完成；D. experienced經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)下文“an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine”可推知，此處指祖母經(jīng)歷的童年與作者的不同。故選D。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她沒有機會上學。A. work工作；B. school學校；C. court法院；D. press出版社。根據(jù)下文“The only opportunity she could seize to ____7____ was when her brother was having Chinese ____8____ with the family tutor”可推知，此處在指祖母生活的年代，她是沒有機會上學的。故選B。
【25題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就像典型的重男輕女的家庭一樣，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家務。A. favored贊成；B. tolerated容忍；C. trusted信任；D. acknowledged承認。根據(jù)上文“She did not have a chance to go to school. Like in typical families”并結(jié)合語境可推知，此處指作者祖母生活的年代是重男輕女的，所以祖母才不被允許上學。故選A。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就像典型的重男輕女的家庭一樣，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家務。A.gardening園藝；B. homework家庭作業(yè)；C. business商務；D.housework家務。結(jié)合語境，再根據(jù)上文“my grandma had to stay at home”可推知，此處指作者祖母在家里做家務。故選D。
【27題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的學習機會是當她的哥哥和家庭教師一起上語文課的時候。A. exercise鍛煉；B. study學習；C. explore探索；D. teach教學。根據(jù)上文“She did not have a chance to go to school.”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此處指祖母不被允許上學，自己找機會學習。故選B。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的學習機會是當她的哥哥和家庭教師一起上語文課的時候。A. food食物；B. guests客人；C. lessons課程；D. tea茶。根據(jù)上文“having Chinese”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此處指祖母的哥哥和家庭教師一起上語文課。故選C。
【29題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她會安靜地坐在長長的餐桌的另一端，仔細地聽著。A.closely仔細地、緊密地；B. directly直接地；C. nervously緊張地；D. freely自由地。根據(jù)上文“The only opportunity she could seize to study was when her brother was having Chinese lessons with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table”可推知，此處指祖母抓住學習機會，仔細地旁聽學習。故選A。
【30題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這項訓練教會了她把中文倒過來讀和寫——這項技能被證明是非常實用的，尤其是當我們分享報紙的時候。A. professional專業(yè)的；B. awkward令人尷尬的；C. simple簡單的；D. practical實用的。根據(jù)上文“This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down”以及下文“especially whenever we share the newspaper”可推知，此處指祖母學會的技能是非常實用的。故選D。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在大多數(shù)周末，我的祖母，當時還是個小女孩，和她的哥哥會去海灘。A. market市場；B. mountain山；C. beach海灘；D. class班級。根據(jù)下文“they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater”可推知，此處指祖母和哥哥去海灘玩水。故選C。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，他們會穿過深水，盤腿坐在水下，屏住呼吸，看著周圍發(fā)生的一切。A. secret秘密；B. breath呼吸；C. view視野；D. tongue舌頭。根據(jù)上文“they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater”可推知，此處指祖母和哥哥在水下屏住呼吸。故選B。
【33題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我很欽佩她在水下張開嘴，還能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. admire欽佩；B. notice注意到；C.adopt采納；D. value重視。根據(jù)下文“her ability to open her ____14____ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此處指作者佩服祖母在水里的能力。故選A。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很欽佩她在水下張開嘴，還能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. hands手；B. mouth嘴；C. eyes眼睛；D. arms胳膊。根據(jù)上文“open her”以及下文“still sit comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此處指祖母張開嘴在水底坐著。故選C。
【35題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：與她的童年相比，我的童年相當快樂。A. difficult困難的；B. complex復雜的；C. happy快樂的；D. similar相似的。通讀全文，再根據(jù)“compared with hers”可推知，此處指與祖母的童年經(jīng)歷相比，作者的童年相當快樂。故選C。
【36題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那樣經(jīng)歷磨難。A. grateful感激的；B. surprised驚訝的；C. convinced深信不疑的；D. regretful后悔的。根據(jù)上文“My childhood is quite happy compared with hers.”可推知，此處指作者很感激自己的童年是快樂的。故選A。
【37題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那樣經(jīng)歷磨難。A. reflect upon思考；B. go through經(jīng)歷；C. ask about詢問；D. prepare for準備。根據(jù)上文“I am grateful that I did not need”以及下文“the hardships like she did”可推知，此處指作者感激自己不需要經(jīng)歷祖母經(jīng)歷過的那些磨難。故選B。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我從來沒有遇到過受教育的問題。A.unemployment失業(yè)；B. health健康；C. education教育；D. communication溝通。通讀全文，再根據(jù)上文“She did not have a chance to go to school.”可推知，文章主要講了祖母不被允許上學，沒受過教育的困境，所以此處指作者從來沒有遇到過受教育的問題。故選C。
【39題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想是我們不同的童年背景讓我的祖母成為了一個交談時令人驚嘆的人：她的故事總是讓我的歷史教科書鮮活起來。A. attend出席；B. refer參考；C. lead 領(lǐng)導；D. talk對話、討論。結(jié)合上文祖母給作者講故事，再根據(jù)上文“makes my grandmother such an amazing person”可推知，此處指祖母的經(jīng)歷使祖母成為了一個交談時令人驚嘆的人。talk to“與某人交談”。故選D。
【40題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我想是我們不同的童年背景讓我的祖母成為了一個交談時令人驚嘆的人：她的故事總是讓我的歷史教科書鮮活起來。A. come true成真；B. come round蘇醒；C. come out出現(xiàn)；D. come alive變得生動。根據(jù)上文“I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to talk to: her stories always make my history textbooks”可推知，此處指作者祖母的經(jīng)歷和故事豐富了作者的人生，使歷史書上的故事變得生動鮮活，躍然紙上。故選D。
第二節(jié)（共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are ____42____ (treasure) of American heritage (遺產(chǎn)). How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming. They ____44____(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
What should ____45____(do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with ____46____ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____47____ all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承諾) to promote the idea at the ____48____ (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the ____49____ (large) United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】41. to catch
42. treasures
43. what 44. were
45. be done
46. its 47. for
48. completion
49. largest
50. which
【解析】
【導語】本文是說明文。文章講述了美國國家公園的由來，即四個男人發(fā)現(xiàn)了一處非常美的自然風景區(qū)，決定好好保護它以供后人欣賞，并為此做出了許多努力。
【41題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：盡管各級都有各種規(guī)模和類型的公園，但國家公園尤其吸引我們的注意，因為它們體積大，種類繁多。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“傾向于做某事”，不定式作賓語，故填to catch。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：它們是美國傳統(tǒng)的瑰寶。treasure表示“寶藏”，為可數(shù)名詞，結(jié)合前文they are，應用復數(shù)形式，故填treasures。
【43題詳解】
考查賓語從句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一個涼爽、繁星點點的夜晚，四個男人在火洞河邊的營火前放松，這里現(xiàn)在是懷俄明州的西北部。后文為介詞in的賓語，is前缺主語，指物，主語用what引導賓語從句，作介詞in的賓語，故填what。
【44題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：他們是一個由15人組成的探險隊的一部分，他們花了近五個星期的時間來見證那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四個男人，時間為1870年，同時聯(lián)系后文had spent的過去完成時可知，本空時態(tài)為過去式且為復數(shù)形式，故填were。
【45題詳解】
考查被動語態(tài)。句意：對于這樣一個美麗的地方，我們應該做些什么呢？主語what指物，與謂語動詞do是被動關(guān)系，情態(tài)動詞should后接be done構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，故填be done。
【46題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：這個地區(qū)擁有獨特的、令人驚嘆的自然美景，必須作為國家公園保護好，為了所有國家的人都能享受。修飾名詞beauty用形容詞性物主代詞its，故填its。
【47題詳解】
考查介詞。句意同上。介詞for表目的，表示“為了所有國家的人都能享受”。 故填for。
【48題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：他們都同意了，并發(fā)誓要在旅行結(jié)束后推廣這個想法。冠詞修飾名詞，本空應填名詞作賓語，complete名詞形式為completion，不可數(shù)，故填completion。
【49題詳解】
考查形容詞最高級。句意：黃石公園是美國最大的國家公園，占地220萬英畝，直到1978年成為國家紀念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗蘭格爾-圣伊萊亞斯在1980年以1230萬英畝的面積作為國家公園獲得這項榮譽。本空前有the，為形容詞最高級標志詞，結(jié)合下文“1978年成為國家紀念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗蘭格爾-圣伊萊亞斯在1980年以1230萬英畝的面積獲得國家公園的榮譽”可知，用large的最高級largest作定語，故填largest。
【50題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意同上。本空所在句子為定語從句，先行詞為Wrangell-Saint Elias，從句中作主語，指物，引導非限制性定語從句用which，故填which。
第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié), 滿分35分）
第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題; 每小題1分, 滿分10分）
51. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文, 請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤, 每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加: 在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（^）, 并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除: 把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。
修改: 在錯的詞下畫一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意: 1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2. 只允許修改10處, 多者（從第11處起）不計分。
Last week, I saw a program about Chongqing hotpot on TV. I was curious but planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of me. Our fast train was packing with passengers. A attendant gave us some travel brochures about Chongqing. When we arrived, we went straight a famous restaurant and ordered dishes, which tasted greatly. The atmosphere here made the meal all the more enjoyed. Hotpot is meant for families and friends to sit together, dip everything they like this in one pot, and shared friendship and love.
【答案】1. but→and
2. me→mine
3. packing→packed
4. A→An
5. straight后加 to
6. greatly → great
7. here → there
8. enjoyed →enjoyable
9.去掉this
10. shared→share
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者看了一個關(guān)于重慶火鍋節(jié)目后和一個朋友去那里一日游的經(jīng)歷。
【詳解】1. 考查連詞。句意：我很好奇，和我的一個朋友計劃了一個特別的一日游。前后句之間為順承關(guān)系，所以用并列連詞and。故將but改成and。
2. 考查代詞。句意：我很好奇，和我的一個朋友計劃了一個特別的一日游。a friend of mine我的一個朋友。介詞of后接是名詞性物主代詞作賓語。故將me改成mine。
3. 考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們的快車上擠滿了乘客。be packed with“擠滿”，pack與train是被動關(guān)系。故將packing改成packed。
4. 考查冠詞。句意：一位服務員給了我們一些關(guān)于重慶的旅游手冊。名詞attendant 發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，所以用不定冠詞an。故將A改成An 。
5. 考查介詞。句意：當我們到達時，我們直接去了一家著名的餐館，點了一些菜，味道很好。固定短語go straight to“徑直前往”。故在straight后加 to。
6. 考查形容詞。句意：當我們到達時，我們直接去了一家著名的餐館，點了一些菜，味道很好。tasted是系動詞，后接形容詞作表語。故將greatly 改成 great 。
7. 考查代詞。句意：那里的氣氛使這頓飯更加愉快。描述剛剛到達的餐館，用there指代上文提到的餐館。故將here 改成 there。
8. 考查形容詞。句意：那里的氣氛使這頓飯更加愉快。more后接形容詞形式，在句中作賓語補足語。故將enjoyed 改成enjoyable。
9. 考查定語從句。句意：火鍋意味著家人和朋友坐在一起，把他們喜歡的東西放在一個鍋里，分享友誼和愛。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里為定語從句。先行詞為everything，在定語從句中作賓語，省略關(guān)系代詞that，從句中this多余。故去掉this。
10. 考查非謂語動詞。句意：火鍋意味著家人和朋友坐在一起，把他們喜歡的東西放在一個鍋里，分享友誼和愛。不定式to后接動詞原形sit ，dip和share，表示目的。故將shared改成share。
第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）
52. 英語課要求做課堂展示, 請你根據(jù)所給圖片，以Development of Transport in China為題寫一篇發(fā)言稿。
注意:
1. 詞數(shù) 100 左右;
2. 題目和首句已為你寫好。
Development of Transport in China
From the vehicle of horses to todays convenient transport, Chinese transport has an enormous development.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Development of Transport in China
From the vehicle of horses to today’s convenient transport, Chinese transport has seen enormous development. Chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations, giving the Chinese people access to different ways of travelling.
Firstly, shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility, offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips. Secondly, the introduction of high- speed trains has dramatically shortened travel times, making intercity travel faster and more comfortable. Lastly, the proliferation of new energy vehicles underscores China’s dedication to environmental sustainability, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. These developments illustrate China’s journey towards a modern and efficient transportation network that balances convenience with environmental responsibility.
In short, China’s transport system is embracing innovation and eco-friendliness.
【解析】
【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生根據(jù)所給圖片，以Development of Transport in China為題寫一篇發(fā)言稿。
【詳解】1.詞匯激活
提供：offer→provide
極大地：dramatically→tremendously
減少：reduce→decrease
總之：in short→in a nutshell
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：Firstly, shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility, offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips.
拓展句：Firstly, shared bicycles, which offer an affordable and green alternative for short trips have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility.
【點睛】【高分句型1】Chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations, giving the Chinese people access to different ways of travelling.(運用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)
【高分句型2】These developments illustrate China’s journey towards a modern and efficient transportation network that balances convenience with environmental responsibility.(運用了that引導的定語從句)
1—5 ACBCA 6—10 BBCAB 11—15 ABABC 16—20 ACBCA
2024年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（新課標Ⅰ卷）
英語
姓名________________ 準考證號________________
全卷共12頁，滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。
考生注意：
1. 答題前，請務必將自己的姓名、準考證號用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆分別填寫在試題卷和答題紙規(guī)定的位置上。
2. 答題時，請按照答題紙上“注意事項”的要求，在答題紙相應的位置上規(guī)范作答，在本試題卷上的作答一律無效。
第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。
第一節(jié) （共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What is Kate doing?
A. Boarding a flight. B. Arranging a trip. C. Seeing a friend off.
【答案】C
【解析】
原文】M: Thanks for the wonderful weekend, Kate.
W: Thats okay. Bob and I are glad you came to see us.
M: Oh, I have to go in. My flight will take off soon. Do contact me when youre in Sydney.
W: Sure, we will.
2. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. A pop star. B. An old song. C. A radio program.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Paul, listen to the radio. Its Youve Stolen My Heart, one of the songs played at our wedding.
M: Yeah, how beautiful! Its been popular for almost two decades.
3. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What will the speakers do today?
A. Go to an art show. B. Meet the mans aunt. C. Eat out with Mark.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: David, forget about Mark. His aunt is in town, so he cant go with us today.
M: Oh, what a pity! Its the last day of the art show.
4. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What does the man want to do?
A. Cancel an order. B. Ask for a receipt. C. Reschedule a delivery.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How may I help you?
M: I bought a desk and asked for it to be delivered to my house this Friday.
W: Yes, what’s the problem?
M: I need to have it delivered this Saturday.
5. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
When will the next train to Bedford leave?
A. At 9:45. B. At 10:15. C. At 11:00.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Next, please.
M: Oh, hi, I missed my 9 oclock train to Bedford. Do I have to buy another ticket?
W: No. The next train leaves at a quarter to ten at Platform 11.
M: Thank you.
第二節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
6. What will the weather be like today?
A. Stormy. B. Sunny. C. Foggy.
7. What is the man going to do?
A. Plant a tree. B. Move his car. C. Check the map.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Honey, have you checked todays weather forecast?
M: Yes, its cold and wet. There is a warning for strong winds up to 100 kilometers per hour.
W: What are we going to do then?
M: Nothing much. Just stay indoors. There is a risk of falling trees and power lines.
W: Right.
M: And the low temperatures could bring snow to the forest area.
W: I hope its over quickly.
M: Well, it wont get better until late Wednesday. Anyway, I have to move the car away from the trees.
W: Yeah, you cannot be too careful.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題�！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
8. Why is Kathy in California now?
A. She is on vacation there. B. She has just moved there. C. She is doing business there.
9. What is the relationship between Tom and Fiona?
A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter.
10. What does Kathy thank Dave for?
A. Finding her a new job. B. Sending her a present. C. Calling on her mother.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, Dave. This is Kathy from Sunny California.
M: Hi, Kathy. You finally called. How was the move? All settled in?
W: Sorry, I hadn’t called sooner, but it’s been a busy month. We’re slowly getting things set up in our new home.
M: Yeah, I understand. How are Jeff and the children?
W: Jeff is doing well with his new job. Tom has made many new friends here and has a lot to do. Fiona is fine, though she misses her grandma. By the way, thank you for looking in on my mother from time to time. I call her every week, but it isn’t the same as seeing her.
M: No problem. Betty and I are friends now. How is the weather there?
W: It’s nice and warm, and we are able to spend some time every week on the beach with the children.
M: That’s great.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題�！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
11. How did Jack go to school when he was a child?
A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By bus.
12. What is Jacks attitude toward parents driving their kids to school?
A. Disapproving. B. Encouraging. C. Understanding.
13. What is the problem with some parents according to the woman?
A. Overprotecting their children.
B. Pushing their children too hard.
C. Having no time for their children.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jack, how did you get to school when you were in primary school?
M: I lived close to my school, so I walked every day. Why?
W: Well, I remember that when we were kids, we often walked, rode a bike or caught the bus to school. Few of us were dropped off at the school gate by our parents.
M: I see what you mean, these days you can see traffic jams around schools that drop off at pick-up times, but it’s hard to blame the parents. They have good reasons for driving their kids to school, mostly to do with safety and convenience.
W: You have a point there, but it could also mean children are missing out on much needed exercise and other life skills. Some parents are just being over-protective with their children learning nothing, but living in fear of everything. Studies have found that children who spend more time outside tend to be healthier, better adjusted and better at dealing with stress.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題�！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
14. Why did Marie post her kitchen gardening online at first?
A. To keep records of her progress.
B. To sell home-grown vegetables.
C. To motivate her fellow gardeners.
15. Why does Marie recommend beginners to grow strawberries?
A. They need no special care.
B. They can be used in cooking.
C. They bear a lot of fruit soon.
16. What is difficult for Marie to grow?
A. Herbs. B. Carrots. C. Pears.
17. What is Maries advice to those interested in kitchen gardening?
A. Aim high. B. Keep focused. C. Stay optimistic.
【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【原文】M: So Aurie, your kitchen garden looks excellent. What made you turn to social media to record your vegetable growing?
W: Initially, I used the online platform as a diary, something to look back on, giving me a sense of achievements and keeping me motivated and moving forward. As time went by, other gardeners and like-minded people began to follow my progress, too.
M: I know you grow lots of fruit on your land. Which would you recommend to beginners as the best to grow?
W: Strawberries would be a good choice. They produce a lot of fruit in their first season.
M: Thats cool. Well, do you have plans to try newor any particular crops next year?
W: Next season I will be adding some pear trees to the fruit area. I will be adding more herbs which I can use in the kitchen. After a couple of years of failure, I will try growing carrots again.
M: What advice would you offer someone thinkingof doing kitchen gardening?
W: Have a plan of what you want your kitchen garden to look like. Dont be too discouraged if things dont go according to plan. Learn from your mistakes and move on. Theres always next season.
聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題�！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
18. What is "Life of Johnson"?
A. A magazine column. B. A TV series. C. A historical novel.
19. What is Johnson famous for?
A. His acting talent. B. His humorous writing. C. His long sports career.
20. When did Johnson join Sports Times?
A. In 1981. B. In 1983. C. In 1985.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcome to Meet the Author. Well, many readers of Sports Times turn to the last page of their magazine first in order to read Jacob Johnsons weekly article under the title Life of Johnson, the articles along with his novels and essay collections have earned Johnson the reputation as one of the funniest humans on the planet. Johnson began writing about sports as a second-year student at the University of Colorado, covering high school volleyball games for his hometown newspaper. After graduating in 1981, he moved on to work at the Denver Weekly for 2 years and the Los Angeles Post for two more years before landing at Sports Times. He has been voted national sports writer of the year 11 times. So now lets welcome the funny man with serious tone, Jacob Johnson.
第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM
Help restore and protect Marins natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. Well explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.
GROUPS
Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.
Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed.
Well be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary.
Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.
No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (滿足) community service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
Time Meeting Location
Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00 am — 1:00 pm Battery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot
Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead
21. What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team?
A. To discover mineral resources. B. To develop new wildlife parks.
C. To protect the local ecosystem. D. To conduct biological research.
22. What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team?
A. 5. B. 10. C. 15. D. 18.
23. What are the volunteers expected to do?
A. Bring their own tools. B. Work even in bad weather.
C. Wear a team uniform. D. Do at least three projects.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了參加保護當?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)的棲息地恢復小組的時間地點等相關(guān)細節(jié)。
【21題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Help restore and protect Marin’s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. (幫助恢復和保護從馬林海岬到波利納斯嶺的馬林海的自然區(qū)域。我們將探索美麗的公園場地，同時進行入侵植物清除、冬季種植和種子收集。棲息地恢復小組的志愿者在恢復敏感資源和保護山脊和山谷中的瀕危物種方面發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用)”可知，棲息地恢復小組的目的是保護當?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C項。
【22題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. (歡迎10歲及以上的志愿者)”可知，參加棲息地恢復小組的最低年齡限制是10歲。故選B項。
【23題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“We’ll be working rain or shine. (我們將風雨無阻地工作)”可知，身為志愿者，即使天氣不好也要工作。故選B項。
B
“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (針灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (獸醫(yī)) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩療法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.”
24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him?
A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude.
25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets?
A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners.
26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work.
C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association?
A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance.
C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是記敘文。文章講述獸醫(yī)威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在從針灸中受益后，將綜合醫(yī)療應用于動物，并取得了初步成效。
【24題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起來有點自衛(wèi)，那可能是因為他的一些同事偶爾會嘲笑他不尋常的方法。) ”可知，F(xiàn)arber的同事們有時會嘲笑他不尋常的方法，他們認為他很奇怪。故選A。
【25題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(然后，他嘗試了針灸，這是一種古老的中國療法，并驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)過兩三次治療，他的病情有所好轉(zhuǎn)。對獸醫(yī)有效的方法似乎對他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了這些技術(shù)幾年后，他開始把它們提供給寵物。)”可知，F(xiàn)arber作為患者從針灸中受益，這促使他決定嘗試在寵物上使用針灸。故選C。
【26題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.(利·廷代爾的狗查理患有嚴重的心臟病。廷代爾說，查理心臟病發(fā)作后，她準備讓他進入睡眠狀態(tài)，但法伯的治療大大減輕了她的狗的痛苦，她能夠讓它多活五個月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)報告說，她的馬納皮(Nappy)經(jīng)過脊椎按摩調(diào)整后，“行動更容易，乘車更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要講述了兩個例子，一個是Farber通過整體醫(yī)學方法幫助了患有嚴重心臟病的狗Charlie，另一個是馬Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治療后移動和騎行更為舒適。這些例子都是為了說明整體醫(yī)學的有效性。故選D。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. ( 法伯確信，隨著時間的推移，綜合療法會越來越受歡迎，如果過去有任何跡象的話，他可能是對的:自1982年以來，美國綜合獸醫(yī)協(xié)會的會員已經(jīng)從30個增加到700多個。)”可知，法伯認為綜合療法會越來越受歡迎，隨后作者列舉了美國綜合獸醫(yī)協(xié)會的會員已經(jīng)從30個增加到700多個的例子，因此推斷美國整體獸醫(yī)協(xié)會是為證明法伯的觀點。故選A。
C
Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no”. The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心態(tài)) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.
But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假說)”. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.
Audio (音頻) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces.
Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.
28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean?
A Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain.
C. Become ready to use. D. Become easy to notice.
29. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume?
A. Readers treat digital texts lightly. B. Digital texts are simpler to understand.
C. People select digital texts randomly. D. Digital texts are suitable for social media.
30. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers?
A. They can hold students attention. B. They are more convenient to prepare.
C. They help develop advanced skills. D. They are more informative than text.
31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?
A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques.
B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material.
C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.
D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored.
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【導語】本文是議論文。主要討論了紙質(zhì)閱讀與數(shù)字閱讀、音頻和視頻學習方式的差異和效果。
【28題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding.(當閱讀幾百字或更多的文本時，在紙上學習通常比在屏幕上學習更成功。大量的研究證實了這一發(fā)現(xiàn))”可知，在紙上學習更有成效，以及后文“when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.(當實驗人員從提出簡單的任務(如識別閱讀文章的主旨)轉(zhuǎn)移到需要思維抽象的任務(如從文本中推斷)時)”推知，此處應是表達“當實驗者從簡單的任務轉(zhuǎn)向需要精神抽象的任務時，紙質(zhì)閱讀的益處就變得顯而易見”之意，所以shine through應是“顯而易見”之意，和D項意思相近。故選D項。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假說)”. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.(但同樣重要的是精神層面。閱讀研究人員提出了一個名為“shallowing hypothesis”的理論。根據(jù)這一理論，人們以適合社交媒體的心態(tài)接觸數(shù)字文本，這些文本通常不那么嚴肅，與閱讀印刷品時相比，投入的精神努力也更少)”可知，shallowing hypothesis假設(shè)讀者在閱讀數(shù)字文本時會持有一種輕松的心態(tài)，不會像閱讀紙質(zhì)書籍那樣投入太多的心理努力。故選A項。
【30題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Audio (音頻) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person.(音頻和視頻可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大學教師越來越多地轉(zhuǎn)向這些技術(shù)，例如分配在線講座而不是同一作者的文章)”可知，音頻和視頻比文本更能吸引學生的注意力，所以大學教師越來越多地使用這些技術(shù)。故選A項。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.(數(shù)字文本、音頻和視頻都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中無法獲得的資源時。然而，為了在需要精神集中和反思的情況下最大限度地學習，教育工作者不應假定所有媒體都是相同的，即使它們包含相同的單詞)”可知，盡管數(shù)字文本、音頻和視頻在教育中有一定作用，但當需要精神集中和反思以最大化學習時，教育者不應假定所有媒體都是相同的，即使它們包含相同的單詞。這表明作者認為紙質(zhì)文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示紙質(zhì)文本在教育中的重要性。故選C項。
D
In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (標本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?”
Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity?
“Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”
32. What do we know about the records of species collected now?
A. They are becoming outdated. B. They are mostly in electronic form.
C. They are limited in number. D. They are used for public exhibition.
33. What does Daru’s study focus on?
A. Threatened species. B. Physical specimens.
C. Observational data. D. Mobile applications.
34. What has led to the biases according to the study?
A. Mistakes in data analysis. B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures.
C. Improper way of sampling. D. Unreliable data collection devices.
35. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps?
A. Review data from certain areas. B. Hire experts to check the records.
C. Confirm the identity of the users. D. Give guidance to citizen scientists.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了斯坦福大學的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，數(shù)字生物多樣性記錄存在偏見，建議應用程序引導公民科學家獲取更好的數(shù)據(jù)。
【32題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. (今天，大多數(shù)生物多樣性記錄通常以照片、視頻和其他數(shù)字記錄的形式出現(xiàn)。)”可知，現(xiàn)在收集的物種記錄大多是以電子形式存在的。故選B。
【33題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (標本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable? (這些觀察結(jié)果現(xiàn)在超過了來自物理標本的原始數(shù)據(jù)，而且由于我們越來越多地使用觀察數(shù)據(jù)來研究物種如何應對全球變化，我想知道：它們有用嗎?)”和第四段““We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru. (Daru說“我們特別感興趣的是探索取樣容易產(chǎn)生數(shù)據(jù)偏差的方面，比如公民科學家更有可能拍攝開花植物的照片，而不是它旁邊的草�！�)”可知，Daru的研究聚焦于觀察數(shù)據(jù)，即人們通過移動應用記錄的物種觀察數(shù)據(jù)。故選C。
【34題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru. (Daru說“我們特別感興趣的是探索取樣容易產(chǎn)生數(shù)據(jù)偏差的方面，比如公民科學家更有可能拍攝開花植物的照片，而不是它旁邊的草�！�)”以及第五段“This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby.( 這是有道理的，因為在移動設(shè)備上獲得觀察生物多樣性數(shù)據(jù)的人通常是公民科學家，他們記錄了他們在附近地區(qū)與物種的接觸。)”可知，導致數(shù)據(jù)偏差的原因是采樣方式的不當。故選C。
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image. (生物多樣性應用程序可以使用我們的.研究結(jié)果來告知用戶樣本過多的地區(qū)，并將他們引導到樣本不足的地方，甚至是物種。為了提高觀測數(shù)據(jù)的質(zhì)量，生物多樣性應用程序還可以鼓勵用戶讓專家確認他們上傳的圖像的身份。)”可知，Daru 建議生物多樣性應用應該給公民科學家提供指導。故選D。
第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, its vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同義詞詞典). I dont trust my laptops spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but Im old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, its not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, theres nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnsons Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A. I dont often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still dont want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries dont always give you enough information.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了作者使用英語詞典的經(jīng)驗和心得以及從中獲得的樂趣。
【36題詳解】
上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(如果你想發(fā)表，提交一份完美的、專業(yè)的手稿是至關(guān)重要的)”提到了完美的、專業(yè)的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有語法和拼寫錯誤是專業(yè)的手稿的要求之一。F選項“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(這意味著語法正確，沒有拼寫錯誤。)”是對手稿要求的進一步解釋說明，符合題意。故選F項。
【37題詳解】
上文“I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.(我不相信我筆記本電腦的拼寫檢查器。)”提到了作者不相信電腦的拼寫檢查器;下文“Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.(當然，現(xiàn)在有很多在線詞典和同義詞庫，但我是一個守舊的人，更喜歡精裝的書和能用手指翻閱的書頁。)”提到了作者更喜歡實體書和能用手指翻閱的書頁，說明電子設(shè)備可能不會考慮上下文，所以B選項“It takes no account of the context.(它不考慮上下文。)”解釋了上文的原因，具有承上啟下的作用。故選B項。
【38題詳解】
下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.(它應該給出每個單詞的精確定義，從而將其與其他含義相似但不相同的單詞區(qū)分開來。它通常還會顯示單詞的發(fā)音。)”提到了字典的功能，E選項“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.(當然，字典不僅僅是用來拼寫的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文內(nèi)容。故選E項。
【39題詳解】
下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.(然而，如果我需要檢查一個單詞的來源或查找其用法的例子，沒有什么比這更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情況，A選項“I don’t often use this dictionary.(我不經(jīng)常用這本字典。)”是對字典使用頻率的說明，與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A項。
【40題詳解】
上文“ “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ”dull".(約翰遜在解釋“dull”的一個定義時寫道：“編字典是件無聊的工作(乏味)�！�)”提到了編寫字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花幾分鐘的時間瀏覽一兩頁是一種有益的體驗。)”提到瀏覽字典也是一種閱讀的樂趣，D選項“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典讀起來是一種樂趣。)”是作者對字典的評價，與上文的“乏味”形成對比，與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項。
第三部分 語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running ____42____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I ____47____ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ____48____ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ____49____ her bike and went for a ride. The ____50____: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such ____51____. That day, I got ____52____ by about 100 “l(fā)ocal” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____.
I’ve ____54____ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ____55____ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with
48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved
49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked
50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice
51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges
52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried
55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。它詳細敘述了作者在不同階段對不同運動（跑步和騎自行車）的興趣和經(jīng)歷，并通過這些經(jīng)歷反映了作者的成長和心理變化。
【41題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我十幾歲的時候，一個鄰居朋友贏得了馬拉松比賽。A. knew知道；B. held抓��；C. won贏得；D. quit退出。根據(jù)后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了動力，所以此處應是一個鄰居朋友贏得了馬拉松比賽。故選C項。
【42題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：有了動力，我開始定期跑步，但后來發(fā)生了兩件事。A. regularly有規(guī)律地；B. silently默默地；C. proudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根據(jù)前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了動力，所以應是定期跑步，符合語境。故選A項。
【43題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一個女孩告訴我，她正在為“超級”馬拉松訓練，指的是52.4英里的雙馬拉松。A. asking要求；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. training訓練。根據(jù)后文“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑雙馬拉松，所以此處應是為之訓練，符合語境。故選D項。
【44題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：說實話，我討厭它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated討厭；D. deserved值得。根據(jù)前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最長跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是討厭這個成績。故選C項。
【45題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那個女孩面前，我的成就顯得微不足道，再加上慢跑的無聊，我決定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage優(yōu)勢；B. achievement成就；C. contribution貢獻；D. influence影響。根據(jù)前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最長跑了15 miles，而女孩在為52.4 miles做訓練，所以應是作者的成就微不足道。故選B項。
【46題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那個女孩面前，我的成就顯得微不足道，再加上慢跑的無聊，我決定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk風險；C. place地方；D. reason理由。根據(jù)后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才會再跑步，這里說的是跑步的原因。故選D項。
【47題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：所以我開始騎自行車。A. gave up放棄；B. went on繼續(xù)；C. turned to轉(zhuǎn)向；D. dealt with處理。根據(jù)前文“I decided that the only 6 Id ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，作者決定放棄跑步，所以此處應是轉(zhuǎn)向騎自行車。故選C項。
【48題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我夢想著參加自行車比賽，直到我飛到圣地亞哥去看我妹妹。A. heard聽到；B. dreamed夢想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved批準。根據(jù)后文“of entering cycle races”結(jié)合選項可知，此處應是作者夢想著參加自行車比賽，符合語境。故選B項。
【49題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天她上班的時候，我借了她的自行車去兜風。A. painted把……描繪成；B. borrowed借；C. bought買；D. parked停(車)。根據(jù)前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去騎行的話，應是向妹妹借自行車。故選B項。
【50題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：問題是：那里的道路穿過很大的山谷，我一次要騎上坡好幾英里。A. problem問題；B. secret秘密；C. principle原則；D. advice建議。根據(jù)后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者要騎上坡好幾英里，這對他來說，是一個問題。故選A項。
【51題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我從來沒有遇到過這樣的挑戰(zhàn)。A. dangers危險；B. events事件；C. opponents對手；D. challenges挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)前文“The 10 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要騎上坡好幾英里，這對他來說是一個挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項。
【52題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：。那天，我被大約100個習慣了這種道路的“當?shù)亍彬T自行車的人超過了。A. passed超過；B. convinced說服；C. admired欣賞；D. stopped阻止。根據(jù)前文“I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者騎上坡好幾英里是個挑戰(zhàn)，所以是被很多人超過。故選A項。
【53題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當我回到家，突然騎自行車似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信賴的；B. convenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根據(jù)前文“That day, I got 12 by about 100 “l(fā)ocal” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天騎行被100多人超過，所以此時是覺得騎自行車似乎不那么吸引人了。故選D項。
【54題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和認識)成熟；C. missed思念；D. worried擔心。根據(jù)后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever 15 I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再輕易放棄，所以是成熟了很多。故選B項。
【55題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我已經(jīng)開始接受這樣一個事實：無論我為自己設(shè)定什么目標，它們都必須是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. goals目標；D. tests測試。根據(jù)后文“I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，此處應是“無論我為自己設(shè)定什么目標，它們都必須是我自己的”，符合語境。故選C項。
第二節(jié) （共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (鋁). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England.
【答案】56. engineering
57. functional
58. to give
59. closed 60. walks
61 the 62. favorites
63. as 64. which##that
65. richness
【解析】
【導語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一個新項目——一個位于國家信托基金會伍爾貝丁花園邊緣的動態(tài)溫室，并詳細描述了該溫室的設(shè)計、功能、以及它如何與絲綢之路的歷史和絲綢之路花園相結(jié)合。
【56題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：最新的工程技術(shù)被用來創(chuàng)造一個同樣美麗的保護功能結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句意可知，空處考查短語engineering techniques，意為“工程技術(shù)”，符合句意。故填engineering。
【57題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：最新的工程技術(shù)被用來創(chuàng)造一個同樣美麗的保護功能結(jié)構(gòu)�？仗幮揎椕~structure，應用形容詞作定語functional，符合題意。故填functional。
【58題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：溫室在溫暖日子里開放，利用液壓系統(tǒng)為內(nèi)部植物提供陽光和通風。use sth. to do sth.為固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空處應用動詞不定式形式作賓語補足語。故填to give。
【59題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：然后在寒冷的天氣里，這個結(jié)構(gòu)保持關(guān)閉，以保護亞熱帶植物�？仗幱糜趕tays之后作表語，應用形容詞closed，表示“緊閉的”，符合題意。故填closed。
【60題詳解】
考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：此外，圍繞溫室的絲綢之路花園帶領(lǐng)游客走過一段受古絲綢之路影響的旅程。walk sb. through，意為“帶領(lǐng)某人穿過……”，空處為本句謂語動詞，根據(jù)上文可知，本句時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語the Silk Route Garden為單數(shù)，謂語動詞應用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填walks。
【61題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：亞洲和歐洲之間的貿(mào)易路線第一次為英國帶來了絲綢、香料和許多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意為“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。
【62題詳解】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：這些植物包括現(xiàn)代西方最受喜愛的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可數(shù)名詞，意為“特別受喜愛的東西”，根據(jù)空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空處應用名詞的復數(shù)形式。故填favorites。
【63題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：Mark Woodruff補充說：“這是當代設(shè)計的最高成就，在絲綢之路的盡頭，中國亞熱帶西南部的植物群從溫帶的歐洲穿過山脈、干旱的土地和高山牧場，這些植物從亞洲的原生棲息地帶到英國，定義了英國園藝的豐富和榮耀�！备鶕�(jù)句意可知，空處指的是“作為”，應用介詞as。故填as。
【64題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：Mark Woodruff補充說：“這是當代設(shè)計的最高成就，在絲綢之路的盡頭，中國亞熱帶西南部的植物群從溫帶的歐洲穿過山脈、干旱的土地和高山牧場，這些植物從亞洲的原生棲息地帶到英國，定義了英國園藝的豐富和榮耀�！笨仗幰龑拗菩远ㄕZ從句，修飾先行詞design，先行詞指物，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導從句。故填which/that。
【65題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：Mark Woodruff補充說：“這是當代設(shè)計的最高成就，在絲綢之路的盡頭，中國亞熱帶西南部的植物群從溫帶的歐洲穿過山脈、干旱的土地和高山牧場，這些植物從亞洲的原生棲息地帶到英國，定義了英國園藝的豐富和榮耀�！笨仗幣cglory并列，應用名詞形式richness，作介詞of的賓語。故填richness。
第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié) （滿分15分）
66. 假定你是李華，上周五你們班在公園上了一堂美術(shù)課。請你給英國朋友Chris寫一封郵件分享這次經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容包括：
�。�1）你完成的作品；
�。�2）你的感想。
注意：
�。�1）寫作詞數(shù)應為80個左右；
�。�2）請按如下格式在答題紙的相應位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.
We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.
The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.
In a word, It was not just an art class; it was a moment of connection with nature that I truly cherished.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導語】本篇是應用文寫作。要求考生給Chris寫一封信, 分享在公園上美術(shù)課的經(jīng)歷。
【詳解】1. 詞匯積累
決定：decide→determine
整個的：entire→whole
提供：offer→provide
總之：in a word→in short
2. 句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.
拓展句：Because I was inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, which was surrounded by blooming flowers.
【點睛】[高分句型1]We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. (that引導的定語從句)
[高分句型2] I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.(as引導的時間狀語從句)
第二節(jié) （滿分25分）
67. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.
That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadnt heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car.
Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (隊列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said.
Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out.
At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry."
注意：
�。�1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150個左右；
�。�2）請按如下格式在答題紙的相應位置作答。
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】參考范文
Para 1
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I’ll be late for the conference which is so important that I can’t afford to miss it!” I explained. “May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure.I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I’ll be late for the conference which is so important that I can’t afford to miss it!” I explained. “May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure.
Para 2
Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter.Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter.
【解析】
【導語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者在一次因風暴延誤的旅途中，匆忙搭乘出租車前往車站趕最后一班去布拉格的公共汽車。司機岡特不熟悉車站位置，通過電話求助后順利抵達。到達時作者卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒帶現(xiàn)金，嘗試用葡萄牙銀行卡支付沒有成功，而車站的取款機也故障了。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我跑回到岡特那里，告訴他這個壞消息�！笨芍�，第一段可描寫作者留下岡特的電話，承諾會還錢給對方，岡特同意，最終作者及時登上了公共汽車。
�、谟傻诙问拙鋬�(nèi)容“四天后，當我回到維也納時，我按照承諾給岡特打了電話�！笨芍�，第二段可描寫作者付費給岡特，并向?qū)Ψ奖硎靖屑�，兩人成為了好朋友�?/p>
2.續(xù)寫線索：作者給出解決辦法——承諾還錢——岡特同意——作者登上公共汽車——履行承諾還錢——兩人成為朋友
3.詞匯激活
行為類
�、倬芙^：reject/refuse
②給某人擁抱：give sb. a hug/embrace sb.
�、塾浵�，寫下：write down/set down
情緒類
�、匐y以置信地：in disbelief/incredibly/unbelievably
②開心地：happily/joyfully
【點睛】【高分句型1】He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before.（運用了where引導的限制性定語從句）
【高分句型2】When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down.（運用了when引導的時間狀語從句，that引導的限制性定語從句）
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