職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類A級(jí)真題及答案(3)
35. The word “sustainable”in the last paragraph is closest in meaning toA. continuable
B. affordable
C. available
D. Persistent
答案：ABACA
First Self-contained Heart Implanted 【首例整套人工心臟移植】
A patient on the brink of death has received the world’s first self-contained artificial heart—a battery-powered device about the size of a softball that runs without the need for wires, tubes or hoses sticking out of the chest.
Two surgeons from the University of Louisville implanted the titanium and plastic pump during a sever-hour operation at Jewish Hospital Monday. The hospital said the patient was “awake and responsive” Tuesday and resting comfortably. It refused to release personal details.
The patient had been expected to die within a month without the operation, and doctors said they expected the artificial heart to extend the person’s life by only a month. But the device is considered a major step toward improving the patient’s quality of life.
The new pump, called AbioCor, is also a technological leap from the mechanical hearts used in the 1980s, which were attached by wires and tubes to bulky machinery outside the body. The most famous of those, the Jarvic-7, used air as a pumping device and was attached to an apparatus about the size of a washing machine.
“I think it’s potentially a major step forward in the artificial heart development,” said Dr. David Faxon, president of the American heart Association. However, he said the dream of an implantable, permanent artificial heart is not yet a reality: “This is obviously an experimental device whose long-term success has to be demonstrated.” Only about half of the 4,200 Americans on a waiting list for donor hearts received them last year, and most of the rest died.
Some doctors, including Robert Higgins, chairman of cardiology at the Medical College of Virginia in Richmond, said artificial hearts are unlikely to replace donor hears.
“A donor heart in a good transplant can last 15 to 30 years,” he said. “It’s going to be hard to replace that with a machine.”
The AbilCor has a 2-pound pumping unit, and electronic controls that adjust the pumping speed based on the body’s needs. It is powered by a small battery pack worn outside the body that transmits current through the skin.
36. 前兩段告訴Self-contained artificial heart
A. was made of titanium and pump
B. had brought the patient to the brink of death
C. did not need to get power from outside the body
D. was invented by two surgeous from university of Louisville
37. 病人接收 the first self-contained heart
A. could not afford a donor heart
B. was said to be in a good condition the next day after the operation
C. died two month’s after the heart implantation
D. was reluctant to release his or her personal information
38. 第四段中the Jarvic-7 is
A. the most expensive mechanical heart
B. a mechanical heart used in the 1980s
C. as advanced as A biocor
D. replacing A biocor
39. 通過(guò)Dr. David Faxon, the self-contained heart is
A. a milestone in the artificial heart development
B. still in the experimental stage
C. an implantable, permanent artificial heart
D. unavailable to all those Americans waiting for donor hearts
40.從文章推斷出donor heart
A. saved the lives of about 2100 Americans the year before the report
B. will be replaced by self-contained artificial hearts sooner or later
C. are more popular and cheaper than self-contained artificial hearts
D. can help patients survive less than 15 years if they are in good transplant.
答案：ABBBA
五、補(bǔ)全短文
Wrongly Convicted Man and His Accuser Tell Their Story
NEW YORK,NY, January 5,2010. St.Martin’s Press has announced the release of the paperback edition of Picking Cotton, a remarkable true story of what novelist John Grisham calls an “account of violence, rage, redemption(救贖)，and, ultimately forgiveness.”
The story began in 1987, in Burlington, North Carolina, with the rape of a young while college student named Jennifer Thompson. During her ordeal, Thompson swore to herself that she would never forget the face of her rapist, a man who climbed through the window of her apartment and assaulted her brutally._During the attack, she made an effort to memorize eveery detail of his face, looking for scars, tattoos(紋身)，or other identifying marks.(46)When the police asked her if she could identify the assilant(襲擊者)from a book of mug shots, she picked one that she was sure was correct, and later she identified the same man in a lineup.
Based on her convincing eyewithness testimony, a 22-year-old black man named Ronald Cotton was sentenced to prison for two life terms. Cotton’s lawyer appealed the decision, and by the time of the appeals hearing, evidence had come to light suggesting that the real rapist might have been a man who looked very like Cotton, an imprisoned criminal named Bobby Poole.Another trial was held.(47)Jennifer Thompson looked at both men face to face, and once again said that Ronald Cotton was the one who raped her.
Eleven years later, DNA evidence completely exonerated(證明……清白)Cotton and just as unequivocally(明確地) convicted Poole, who confessed to the crime. Thompson was shocked and devastated.(48) “The man I was so sure I had never seen in my life was the man who was inches from my throat, who raped me, who hurt me, who took my spirit away, who robbed me of my soul,” she wrote. “And the man I had identified so surely on so many occasions was absolutely innocent.”
_Jennifer Thompson decided to meet Cotton and apologize to him personally.(49) Remarkably both were able to put this tragedy behind them, overcome the racial barrier that divided them, and write a book, which they have subtitled “Our memoir of injustice and redemption.”
Nevertheless, Thompson says, she still lives “with constant pain that my profound mistake cost him so dearly_I cannot begin to imagine what would have happened had my mistaken identification occurred in a capital case_(50)”
A. Jennifer Thompson decided to meet Cotton and apologize to him personally.
B. Many criminals are sent to prison on the basis of accurate testimony by eyewithnesses.
C. I cannot begin to imagine what would have happened had my mistaken identification occurred in a capital case
D. Another trial was held.
E. Thompson was shocked and devastated.
F. During the attack, she made an effort to memorize eveery detail of his face, looking for scars, tattoos(紋身)，or other identifying marks.
答案：FDEAC
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