形容詞和副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則

時(shí)間:2023-05-01 03:37:37 資料 我要投稿
  • 相關(guān)推薦

形容詞和副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則

形容詞、副詞比較級

大多數(shù)形容詞(性質(zhì)形容詞)和副詞有比較級和最高級的變化,即原級、比較級和最高級,用來表示事物的等級差別。原級即形容詞的原形,比較級和最高級有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。

1)規(guī)則變化

構(gòu)成法 一般單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er,-est

原級:tall(高的 great(巨大的)

比較級:taller greater

最高級:tallest greatest

以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單音詞和少數(shù)以- le結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞只加-r,-st

原級:nice(好的) large(大的) able(有能力的)

比較級:nicer larger abler

最高級nicest largest ablest

以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞,雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母,再加-er,-est 原級:big(大的) hot(熱的)

比較級:bigger hotter

最高級:biggest hottest

以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,改y為i,再加-er,-est

原級:easy(容易的) busy(忙的)

比較級:easier busier

最高級:easiest busiest

少數(shù)以-er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞未尾加-er,-est

原級:clever(聰明的) narrow(窄的)

比較級:cleverer narrower

最高級:cleverest narrowest

其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞,在前面加more,most來構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。 原級:important(重要的) easily(容易地)

比較級:more important more easily

最高級:most important most easily

2)不規(guī)則變化

原級:good(好的) bad(壞的)

比較級:better worse

最高級:best worst

1

副詞:1) 時(shí)間和頻度副詞: now, then, often, always, usually, early, today, lately, next, last, already, generally, frequently, seldom, ever, never ,yet ,soon ,too, immediately, hardly, finally, shortly, before, ago, sometimes, yesterday. 2) 地點(diǎn)副詞: here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on. 3) 方式副詞: carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly 4) 程度副詞: much ,little, very, rather, so, too, still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely, almost, slightly. 5) 疑問副詞: how, when, where, why. 6) 關(guān)系副詞: when, where, why. 7) 連接副詞: how, when, where, why, whether.

As…as的一般用法:其基本意思為“與…一樣”,其中的第一個(gè)as為副詞,其后通常接形容詞或副詞(用原級),第二個(gè)as可用作介詞(后接名詞或代詞)或連詞(后接從句)。使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)。如:

(1) 在否定句中,第一個(gè) as 也可換成 so。如:

He doesn’t study as [so] hard as his brother. 他學(xué)習(xí)不如他弟弟努力。

(2) 在該結(jié)構(gòu)的兩個(gè)as之間通常接形容詞或副詞的原級,但若涉及數(shù)量或程度,可用“as much+不可數(shù)名詞+as”和“as many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+as”。如:

You’ve made as many mistakes as I have. 你犯的錯(cuò)誤和我犯的一樣多。

I haven’t got as much money as I thought. 我不像原來想像的有那么多錢。

其間接形容詞時(shí),有時(shí)該形容詞還可修飾另一名詞,但這個(gè)名詞應(yīng)帶有不定冠詞(注意詞序)。如:

She is as good a teacher as her mother. 她和她媽媽一樣是位好老師。

也可說。如:She is a teacher as good as her mother.

但不說。如:She is as a good teacher as her mother. / They are as good teachers

2

as us.

“as + 形容詞或副詞原級 + as…” 意為“和……一樣”,表示同級的比較,但要注意第一個(gè) as 為副詞,第二個(gè) as 為連詞。根據(jù)比較對象和性質(zhì)的不同又可以把此種結(jié)構(gòu)分為三種:

(一)“ as … as …結(jié)構(gòu)”用于表示不同人或物同一性質(zhì)的比較,意為“……和……一樣……

The tree is as tall as the building(is) .

這棵樹和那棟樓一樣高。

(二)“ as … as …結(jié)構(gòu)”用于表示同一個(gè)人或物不同性質(zhì)的比較,意為“既……又……” 。例如:

This swimming pool is as wide as it is long.

這個(gè)游泳池寬度和長度相等。

比較級的幾種主要句法

1、問人的句法:(要用形容詞比較級)

陳述句:SuHai is older than SuYang.

一般疑問句:Is Su Hai older than Su Yang?

特殊疑問句:Who is older than SuYang?

選擇性的特殊疑問句:Who is older, Su Hai or Su Yang?

2、問物的句法:(要用形容詞比較級)

陳述句:His ruler is longer than her ruler.

一般疑問句:Is his ruler longer than her ruler?

特殊疑問句:Whose ruler is longer than her ruler?

選擇性的特殊疑問句: Whose ruler is longer, his or hers?

3、問動(dòng)作的句法:(要用副詞比較級)

陳述句:Mike jumps higher than Ben.

一般疑問句:Does Mike jump higher than Ben?

特殊疑問句:Who jumps higher than Ben?

選擇性的特殊疑問句: Who jumps higher, Mike or Ben?

比較級句子中涉及到的人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法

1、主格和賓格

(原句) Mike is stronger than Nancy.

(改一改)He is stronger than her.

(原句) This man is taller than that man.

(改一改) _______is taller than_______.

(原句) Helen swims faster than Su Yang.

(改一改) _______swims faster than_______.

你能總結(jié)一下:什么時(shí)候用主格,什么時(shí)候用賓格嗎?

3

【形容詞和副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則】相關(guān)文章:

形容詞與副詞的比較級05-04

比較級形容詞或副詞 + than05-04

as + 形容詞或副詞原級 + as05-04

形容詞副詞復(fù)習(xí)教案04-25

程度副詞修飾狀態(tài)形容詞用法初探-以很為例05-03

英語中形容詞的無比較級最高級現(xiàn)象05-01

詞性誤譯-淺談冠詞、名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞以及副詞的誤譯04-29

鶴壁方言的性質(zhì)形容詞和狀態(tài)形容詞05-02

淺談-ly副詞的詞義和譯法04-27

用形容詞表示類別和整體05-04