七上英語(yǔ)期中復(fù)習(xí)資料
一、表示時(shí)間的介詞
時(shí)間介詞有in , on，at， after， since，during,by,before,after,until等，前三個(gè)介詞用法有個(gè)口訣： at午夜、點(diǎn)與分，上午、下午、晚用in。
年、月、年月、季節(jié)、周，之前加上介詞in。
將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)多久后，這些情形亦用in。
日子、日期、年月日，星期之前要用on。
其余幾組常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間介詞辨析如下辨析如下：
1、時(shí)間介詞in與after 的用法辨析
介詞 in + 一段時(shí)間用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如：We’ll go to school in two weeks.
介詞after + 一段時(shí)間用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：My mother came home after half an hour.
介詞after + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)常用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如：We’ll go out for a walk after supper.
2、時(shí)間介詞for與since的用法辨析
介詞for 表示一段時(shí)間如：I have been living here for 10 years.
介詞since 表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間以來(lái)如：I have been living here since 2000.
3、時(shí)間介詞before與by的用法辨析
介詞before表示“在…之前”如：He won’t come back before five .
介詞by表示“到…時(shí)為止，不遲于…”如：The work must be finished by Friday.
4、時(shí)間介詞during與for的用法辨析
當(dāng)所指的時(shí)間起止分明時(shí)用介詞during如：He swims every day during the summer.
如果一段時(shí)間不明確則用介詞for如：I haven’t seen her for years.
5、時(shí)間介詞till與until用法的異同
till和until用在肯定句中，均可表示“直到…為止”，如：I will wait till(until)seven o'clock.
till和until用在否定句中，均可表示“在…以前”或“直到…才”。
如：Tom didn't come back till(until)midnight.
till多用于普通文體，而 until則用于多種文體，并且在句子開(kāi)頭時(shí)，用until而不用till如：Until he comes back，nothing can be done.
注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等詞之前一律不用介詞。
二、表示方位的介詞
常用的表示方位的介詞用法及辨析如下：
1、方位介詞on, over, above的用法辨析
介詞on表示一物放在另一物上面，兩者緊貼在一起，如：The book is on the table.
介詞over表示一種垂直懸空的上下關(guān)系，即“在…上方”，如：Is there any bridge over the river?
介詞above表示一般的“高于…”，“在…之上”，如：There was an electric clock above his bed.
2、方位介詞under與below的用法辨析
介詞under是over的反義詞即“在…下方”，如：They were seen under the tree.
介詞below是above的反義詞即“低于…”，“在…之下”，如：They live below us.
3、方位介詞across,、through、over,、past的用法辨析
介詞across著重于“從一頭或一邊到另一頭或另一邊”，強(qiáng)調(diào)從表面穿過(guò)。
如：She went across the street to make some purchases.
介詞through著重于“穿越”，強(qiáng)調(diào)從一定的空間內(nèi)穿過(guò)。
如：The sunlight was coming in through the window.
介詞over多表示從“上方越過(guò)”，如：He failed to go over the mountain; he had to go round it.
介詞past表示從“面前經(jīng)過(guò)”，如：Someone has just gone past the window.
4、地點(diǎn)介詞at與in的用法辨析
介詞at表示較小的地方，如家、村、鄉(xiāng)村等，如：He lives at a small village.
介詞in表示較大的地方，如大城市、國(guó)家、洲等，如：He lives in Beijing.
5、表示東南西北的時(shí)候，地點(diǎn)介詞in、on、to的用法辨析
介詞in表示“包含”如：Beijing is in the north of China.
介詞on表示“緊鄰”如：Canada lies on the north of the U.S.
介詞to表示“沒(méi)接觸”如：France lies to the south of England.
三、表示方式、手段、或工具的介詞by,in,on,with.
1、by,in,on,表示交通方式。用by 時(shí)，交通工具前不用任何詞;用 in和on 時(shí)，交通工具前用冠詞或形容詞性物主代詞。例如by car=in a car,by bike=on a bike.
2、表示手段或工具，with后跟具體工具，如I write with a pen;in表示使用某種語(yǔ)言或墨水、顏色等原料，例如：in English.
四、介詞的固定搭配
across from在對(duì)面 look for 尋找 look after 照顧 get on with 與某人相處
agree with 同意(某人) arrive at(in) 到達(dá) ask for 詢問(wèn) begin…with 從……開(kāi)始 believe in 相信 break off 打斷 break out 爆發(fā) bring down 降低 bring in 引進(jìn) bring up 教育，培養(yǎng) build up 建起 burn down 燒光 call back 回電話 call for 要求約請(qǐng) call on 拜訪 訪問(wèn) care for 喜歡 carry on 繼續(xù)開(kāi)展 carry out 實(shí)行開(kāi)展 check out 查明 結(jié)帳 come about 發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生 come out 出來(lái) come to 共計(jì) 達(dá)到 compare…with 與……比較 compare to 比作 cut off 切斷 date from 始于 depend on 依靠 devote to 獻(xiàn)于 die out 滅亡 divide up 分配 dream of 夢(mèng)想 fall off 下降 fall over 跌倒 feed on 以……為食 get down to 專心于 get through 通過(guò)
七上英語(yǔ)期中復(fù)習(xí)資料
詞匯：1.稱呼類詞匯：sister 姐;妹 mother媽媽 father爸爸
brother兄;弟grandmother祖母;外祖母 grandfather祖父;外祖父
aunt姑母;伯母;嬸母uncle叔;伯;舅;姨夫son 兒子
cousin表(堂)兄弟(姐妹) daughter女兒
2. 本單元出現(xiàn)的縮寫(xiě)：that’s = that is he’s = he is
3. 本單元出現(xiàn)的指示代詞：these 這些 those 那些
4. thanks for 為……而感謝
句式：1. This/that/These+ be動(dòng)詞+ sb’s …
This is his sister. That is my brother. These are his brother.
2. be動(dòng)詞+代詞+…Is this your sister? Is she your sister?
3. Thanks for … Thanks for the photo of your family.
4. Here +be 動(dòng)詞+… Here is my family photo. 句型：1,Is this your sister? No, it isn’t.
Is she your sister? No, she isn’t.
2,This is my friend. These are my friends.
That is my brother. Those are my brothers.
3, Thanks for the photo of your family. Here is my family photo.
photo of your family = your family photo
語(yǔ)法：可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)：一般情況下加s, book-books， 以s, x, sh, ch結(jié)尾的加es
watch-watches 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，把y改為i再加es boy- boys, family-families 以o結(jié)尾的有生命的加es, 無(wú)生命的加s, tomato-tomatoes, photo-photos
Unit 4 Where’s my backpack?
詞匯：
1.本單元出現(xiàn)的家具類詞匯：table桌子 bed床 bookcase書(shū)櫥，書(shū)柜 sofa沙發(fā) chair椅子 drawer抽屜
2.表位置的介詞短語(yǔ)：under the table在桌子下面 on the sofa在沙發(fā)上in the backpack在雙肩背包里 under the bed在床下面 on the chair在椅子上 on the dresser在梳妝臺(tái)上on the table在桌子上 in the drawer在抽屜里 on the floor在地板上3.math book數(shù)學(xué)書(shū) 4.alarm clock鬧鐘5.computer game電腦游戲6.video tape錄像帶7.take sth. to sb.把某物帶給某人
take these things to your sister把這些東西帶給你姐姐8.ID card身份證9.bring sth. to some place把某物到給某地bring some things to school把一些物品帶到學(xué)校10.pencil case鉛筆盒11.in the bedroom在臥室12.in the kitchen在廚房
句型：Where’s the baseball? It’s in the backpack.
Where’s my computer game? It’s under the bed.
Where are his keys? They’re on the dressser.
Where are your books? They’re on the chair.
Where are her keys? They’re on the table.
Where are you? I’m at school.
Is it on the dresser? No, it isn’t.
Please take these things to your sister.
Can you bring some things to school?
The book is on the floor.
七上英語(yǔ)期中復(fù)習(xí)資料
一、短語(yǔ)
1. good morning/afternoon/evening/night
2. first/last/family name
3. telephone/phone number
4. ID card/school ID card
5. pencil case/sharpener
二、句型/語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)
1. How are you?
2. Nice to meet you!
3. What’s this in English?=What’s the English for this?
4. How do you spell it?
5. Spell it, please.
6. What color is it?
7. What’s your(his/her) name?=May I know your name?
8. What’s your phone/telephone number?
[七上英語(yǔ)期中復(fù)習(xí)資料]