第一篇：
景德鎮(zhèn)，原名昌南，位于江西省境內(nèi)。景德鎮(zhèn)歷史悠久，是中國歷史上的四大名鎮(zhèn)之一。景德鎮(zhèn)因其瓷器(chinaware)的生產(chǎn)而聞名，據(jù)記載，其瓷器生產(chǎn)可以追溯到漢代(the HanDynasty)。在明代 Ming Dynasty)，大量景德鎮(zhèn)瓷器銷往國外，極大地推動了景德鎮(zhèn)陶瓷的對外貿(mào)易，擴(kuò)大了中國陶瓷的影響。由于制造歷史久遠(yuǎn)、瓷器產(chǎn)品質(zhì)地精良、對外銷量大，景德鎮(zhèn)獲得了“瓷都”(capical of chinaware)的稱號。
1.第1句中將“原名昌南”處理為插入語，用分詞短語formerlynamed Changnan來表達(dá)，也可處理為Whose 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，譯作whose former name was Changnan。
2.第2句中的“景德鎮(zhèn)歷史悠久，是中國……”，將“歷史悠久”處理為“with+名詞短語”作狀語，將后半句作主句,譯作 With a long history, Jingdezhen is...，表達(dá)簡潔緊湊。
3.第4句“在明代，大量景德鎮(zhèn)瓷器銷往國外，極大地推動了……，擴(kuò)大了……”較長，注意分析各個分句之間的關(guān)系：“在明代”為時間狀語置于句首，“大量景德鎮(zhèn)瓷器銷往國外”為原因，作主句，“極大地推動了……， 擴(kuò)大了……”為結(jié)果，將其處理為結(jié)果狀語，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語來表達(dá)，整句譯作In the Ming Dynasty, lots of Jingdezhen's chinaware was exported to foreign countries, greatly promoting...and extending... 。
4.翻譯最后一句“由于制瓷歷史久遠(yuǎn)、瓷器產(chǎn)品質(zhì)地精良、對外銷量大，景德鎮(zhèn)獲得了‘瓷都’的稱號”時，如果逐字對譯為 because of its long history of chinaware production... Jingdezhen has earned the title of...，則會由于原因狀語過長而使句子顯得頭重腳輕。宜將原因狀語后置。此處的“由于”為褒義，用thanks to 表達(dá)更確切，故譯為 Jingdezhen has earned the title of..., thanks to...。
參考譯文：
Jingdezhen, formerly named Changnan, is located inJiangxi Province. With a long history, Jingdezhen isone of the four famous towns in Chinese history.Jingdezhen is famous for its production of chinaware.It is recorded that Jingdezhen's production ofchinaware can date back to the Han Dynasty. In theMing Dynasty, lots of Jingdezhen's chinaware was exported to foreign countries, greatlypromoting the foreign trade of chinaware in Jingdezhen and extending the influence of Chinesechinaware. Jingdezhen has earned the title of "capital of chinaware", thanks to its long history ofchinaware production, the excellent quality and large amount of export of its chinaware.
第二篇：
黃河全長約5000公里，是中國第二長河，僅次于長江(the Yangtze River)。黃河發(fā)源于青海省，流經(jīng)中國青海、四川、甘肅、寧夏、陜西等9個省區(qū)，最后流入渤海。由于夾帶了大量的泥沙(silt)。黃河的河水呈黃色。在中國歷史上，黃河流域給中華文明帶來了巨大的影響，也是中華民族最主要的發(fā)源地。因此黃河被稱為“中華文明的搖籃(cradle)”和中國的“母親河”。
1.第1句中的“全長……公里”可表達(dá)為is... kilometers long，也可表達(dá)為has a length of..., kilometers�！暗诙L河”，在數(shù)量、規(guī)模等方面要表達(dá)“第幾長”、“第幾大”時應(yīng)該是序數(shù)詞加上形容詞的最高級，故這里譯為the second longestriver�！皟H次于”可以表達(dá)為only second to或second to，如“他舉世無雙”，譯為 He is second to none。
2.翻譯第2句“黃河發(fā)源于……，流經(jīng)……，最后流入……，可沿用原文的結(jié)構(gòu)，譯作The Yellow River has itsorigin in...，flows through..., and finally pours itself into...，但此種譯法稍顯生硬、平淡�？蓪� “黃河發(fā)源于…”處理為狀語，用介詞短語With its origin in...表達(dá)，使譯文主次分明。“青海、四川、甘肅、寧夏、陜西等9個省區(qū)”翻譯時可以先譯中心詞“9個省區(qū)”，具體的省區(qū)名稱可以用such as引出，作為進(jìn)一步說明�！傲鹘�(jīng)”、“流入渤�！�，這里的“流”可譯為flow，但為了避免用詞重復(fù)、譯文表達(dá)豐富，“流人渤�！笨筛鼡Q表達(dá)為 enter the sea，reach the sea 或 pours itself into the sea。
3.第3句中的原因狀語“由于夾帶了大量的泥沙”表達(dá)為because it carries a lot of silt�！俺庶S色”表達(dá)為inyellow 或 in the color of yellow，介詞 in 表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”。
4.第4句中的“黃河流域給中華文明帶來……”可直譯為the Yellow River basin brings significant influenceto...”但這樣處理不如將名詞短語“巨大的影響”轉(zhuǎn)譯為動詞短語來得簡單明了，表達(dá)為the Yellow River basininfluences... significantly。
參考譯文：
The Yellow River is about 5,000 kilometers long. It isthe second longest river in China, only second to theYangtze River. With its origin in Qinghai Province, theYellow River flows through nine provinces of Chinasuch as Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, andShanxi, and finally pours itself into the Bohai Sea.Because it carries a lot of silt, the water of the River is in yellow. In Chinese history, the YellowRiver basin influences Chinese civilization significantly and is also the major birthplace of Chinesenation. Therefore, the Yellow River is called "the Cradle of Chinese Civilization" and "MotherRiver" of China.
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